How to Prepare Formula

Before Mixing Formula

Make sure the formula is safe

• Make sure it's not expired.
• Check that the container is in good condition (no dents, bulges, or rust spots).
• Don't use expired formula or damaged containers.

Wash away germs

• Clean the area where you'll prepare the bottle.
• Wash your hands with soap and warm water.
• Use a clean bottle.

Keep bottles clean

• Use the dishwasher with hot water and heat drying.
• Wash by hand with a bottle brush, hot water, and soap. Let it air dry.
• For extra germ removal, boil bottle parts for 5 minutes once a day.

Preparing Formula

Use safe water

Mix formula with tap water from a safe source. Contact your local health department if you have questions.

Make the bottle

• Read the label to see how much water and formula to mix. Adding more or less than the directions say can make your baby sick.
• Shake the bottle to mix.
• You don't need to warm it. If your baby prefers warm bottles, place the bottle under warm running water or in a bowl of warm water for a few minutes.
• Test the temperature by putting a few drops on your wrist. It should not feel hot.

Never microwave formula. Microwaving creates hot spots that can burn your baby's mouth.

Extra Steps for Young or At-Risk Babies

If your baby is younger than 3 months, was born early, or has a weakened immune system, take extra precautions.

For powdered formula: Powdered formula is not sterile, so you need to use hot water to kill bacteria.

• Boil water to at least 158°F/70°C.
• Pour the correct amount of boiled water into a clean, sterile bottle.
• Add the correct amount of formula and shake well.
• Cool the bottle immediately by placing it under cool water or in an ice bath.
• Check the temperature before feeding.

For liquid concentrate formula: Liquid concentrate is sterile, so you don't need to heat the water. If possible, consider using liquid concentrate for at-risk babies.

Storing Formula

Storing formula containers

• Keep unopened formula in a cool, dry, indoor place.
• Don't store in cars, garages, or outdoors.
• Follow instructions on the container about storage after opening.

Storing prepared bottles

• Use prepared formula within 2 hours of making it. Once your baby starts feeding, use the bottle within 1 hour.
• Throw away leftover formula after feeding. Don't refrigerate it for later.
• If you're not using the bottle within 2 hours, refrigerate it right away and use it within 24 hours.

Preparing baby formula safely may feel like a lot of steps at first, but it becomes routine quickly. If you have questions, WIC staff are here to help.